Boiling point of water with salt added Essay

After some time, various applications for the option of salt in water have been set up and the way toward including salt in water has become a standard exercise any place water must be bubbled the world over (Bradley, 2006). Reason The motivation behind this undertaking is to examine the ramifications of the expansion of salt in the response of water to warm. Hypothesis and Hypothesis Upon the expansion of basic salt (NaCl) in refined water, it causes the breaking point of the water to rise. Thus, water must be warmed for longer time frames as the measure of salt in the water is expanded. The speculation of this examination is to approve whether the expansion of salt in water causes the breaking point of the water to rise. Device utilized The mechanical assembly that was utilized for this test involved table Salt (NaCl), refined Water, estimating spoon, mixing spoon, thermometer, electric oven, pot. Trial method actualized In the initial step, the pot is loaded up with refined water and is put on the electric oven. It was loaded up with roughly two teacups of water. It is permitted to bubble consistently and the thermometer was utilized to gauge the temperature of the water after at regular intervals. The water was seen to start bubbling at around 213 Â °F in typical conditions when no increases had been made to the water. In the subsequent advance, the underlying example of water was permitted to chill off until it had come back to room temperature, after which one leveled estimating spoonful of salt was added to the water and the pot was again positioned on the electric oven to bubble. The salt had been blended into the water utilizing the mixing spoon before it was put to bubble. The water was again permitted to bubble persistently and the thermometer was utilized to quantify the temperature of the water after like clockwork. The water was seen to start bubbling at a higher temperature than 213 Â °F after salt had been added to the water. In the third step, the water was again permitted to chill off until it had returned back to room temperature. When the water had come back to room temperature, a second expansion of salt (NaCl) is made. The estimating spoon was utilized to include another leveled spoonful of salt to the water and was blended completely utilizing the mixing spoon. The pot was then positioned on the oven again and was permitted to start warming up. The water was again permitted to bubble consistently and the thermometer was utilized to gauge the temperature of the water after like clockwork. The water was seen to start bubbling at a higher temperature than that which had been seen in the readings made in stride two of the examination. Consistently, uncommon consideration was taken to guarantee that the thermometer didn't contact the dividers or the base of the pot and that it was not held over the oven for a really long time so as to keep the readings from being adjusted accidentally.

Nursing Care Interventions and Discharge Planning Needs - Samples

Question: Talk about aboout the Nursing Care Interventions and Discharge Planning Needs. Answer: Nursing Care Interventions Albeit femoral cracks are regular among the older, it is a condition that can be hard to oversee when thenursing staff doesn't take legitimate intercessions following a post employable medical procedure (Avenelll and Handoll, 2010). To guarantee speedy recuperation for Mr. Earthy colored, a patient who has had medical procedure to fix his broke femur in the wake of being associated with a tractor injury, an attendant will take suitable intercessions to guarantee brisk recuperation and portability of the patient. A portion of the recuperation estimates will incorporate; Agony the executives; Pain following a medical procedure or a physical issue is a characteristic piece of the recuperation procedure (Black et al., 2010). As a medical attendant, I would progress in the direction of diminishing the agony of Mr. Earthy colored to enable his leg to recuperate quicker by guaranteeing that he holds fast to the recommended meds. The medications are generally endorsed to diminish torment for a brief period following a physical issue or medical procedure. As indicated by Nosbusch et al., (2011), there are various kinds of prescriptions used to assist check with tormenting, for example, nearby sedatives, non-steroidal mitigating medications and opiods to make reference to only a couple. Albeit a specialist can utilize a blend of these medications, for help with discomfort it is crucial to think about the past clinical history of the patient (Nosbusch et al., 2011). For the instance of Mr. Earthy colored, I would utilize mitigating drugs nearby Warfin to fore stall blood thickening since he has a past filled with profound vein apoplexy. Weight bearing; to dodge further confusions, it is vital to adhere to the doctors directions for putting weight on the harmed hip. Ha et al., (2010), states that whether a crack is treated with medical procedure or not, a social insurance official should demoralize weight bearing until the time recuperation happens. To accomplish this, the patient may require as long as 10 months or a greater amount of recuperation before gauge bearing should be possible without the hazard for difficulties (Ha et al., 2010). One can likewise put on a knee support for additional help. For the instance of Mr. Earthy colored, I would guarantee that he holds fast normally to the planned X-beam for close checking on how the hip is mending. At the point when a patient is treated with a cast or a support, customary X-beam registration help a specialist to know whether the crack is sufficiently steady to begin weight bearing exercises (Ha et al., 2010). Albeit one can in any case put weight on the leg, a wal ker or bolsters are significant at time to decrease the weight. Early movement; despite the fact that this mediation may not work quickly for the instance of Mr. Earthy colored because of medical procedure, it will be a command of the attendant to choose the best time for the patient to start moving the knee to forestall solidness. As per Black et al., (2010), this period relies upon how the delicate tissues including the muscles and the skin of the patient are recuperating just as how secure the break is following a medical procedure. Then again, Rhudy et al., (2010) holds that early movements as a rule start with inactive activities. For the instance of Mr. Earthy colored, an advisor would tenderly move the knee in the event that the patient can't move or would put it in a persistent aloof movement machine that will support just as move the leg. For the bone that has cracked into different pieces or in situations where bones are feeble particularly for the older, the leg may take more time to recuperate, thus longer time before a physicist sugg ests movement exercises (Schilcher et al., 2011). The method of reasoning for this intercession is that it will keep the leg from being hardened and guarantee latent exercise which will ensure that no development complexities after recuperation. Release Planning Needs One of the key purposes behind release arranging is to decrease avoidable readmissions in the emergency clinic (Rhudy et al., 2010). In the medicinal services set ups, the specialist will guarantee that Mr. Earthy colored needs are considered just as placed in a point by point release plan with contribution from the patient and family. Lamentably, Mr. Earthy colored is a single man, has no family members or neighbors around to deal with him after release from the clinic. Tolerant requirements for care following release are sorted into three areas; action related necessities which incorporates needs hardware or help because of limitations in physical abilities that limit every day functionings at home; needs identified with a part of independence and ultimately is the requirement for treatment related necessities (Sugi et al., 2012) . Treatment related requirements can be evaluated utilizing things, for example, the need fornursing care, receipt of current medicine, suggested treatment or strategies , recovery or requirement for treatment and the requirement for dietary directions (Shepperd et al., 2013). Albeit no torment the board drugs are referenced for the instance of Mr. Earthy colored, he is right now endorsed two meds to treat hypertension and profound vein apoplexy. In the imperative signs, the patient had hypertension at 160/95mm/Hg that is the reason he was endorsed Nifedipine and Warfarin to forestall coagulating of blood by hindering the development of nutrient K subordinate thickening component. For the meds to be taken after release, the patient needs to see quite well the reason for medicine, how he should take the medication (is it twice or threefold every day?), how to take prescription and how he can acquire different meds when he runs shot of the present medications (Nosbusch et al., 2011). There ought to likewise be simply the need care exercises, for example, diet, weight observing and action levels or confinements as referenced previously. The emergency clinic ought to provenursing care to screen the advancement of a patient by guaranteeing that they cling to the correct eating routine and movement levels for a speedy recuperation. Shepperd et al., (2013) holds that it would likewise be important to recognize the provisions that the patient will require for care reason for the provisions too area to acquire the provisions. In the release plan for Mr. Earthy colored, there ought to likewise be the requirement for side effect acknowledgment just as the executives particularly when the medical attendant isn't around to deal with his needs. This will incorporate what to do if a condition or an issue emerges, for example, side effects that demonstrate a medical caretaker should be told who to contact, how to contact just as the crisis contact to be utilized. Needs connected with limitations in exercises of every day living are; instrumental exercises, exercises of day by day living or versatility and dependent on the patient report, such assignments cannot be executed or can be executed yet with gear, help or both. Despite the fact that Mr. Earthy colored had been engaged with a tractor injury and supported mid-shaft cracked injury, he is worried about his every day living movement to deal with his homestead work. As indicated by Ha et al., (2010), there ought to be the requirement for coordination just as getting ready for follow-up arrangements. For the instance of Mr. Earthy colored, the emergency clinic should make arrangements before his release, and be inside a known number of long stretches of release basing on the patients condition. There ought to be coordination for follow up of the two tests in addition to reads for which the affirmed outcomes arent in reach during release. Additionally, there ought to be the requirement for the network assets that the patient will utilize including home social insurance, grown-up day care, suppers on wheels the requirement for exercise based recuperation, word related treatment language instruction (Black et al., 2010). Most importantly, a medical attendant ought to teach the patient about determination in the whole consideration continuum and audit with him what to do if a condition ejects. References Avenell, A., Handoll, H. H. (2010). Dietary supplementation for hip crack aftercare in more established individuals. Cochrane Database Syst Rev, 1. Dark, D. M., Kelly, M. P., Genant, H. K., Palermo, L., Eastell, R., Bucci-Rechtweg, C., ... de Papp, A. (2010). Bisphosphonates and cracks of the subtrochanteric or diaphyseal femur. New England Journal of Medicine, 362(19), 1761-1771. Ha, Y. C., Cho, M. R., Park, K. H., Kim, S. Y., Koo, K. H. (2010). Is medical procedure fundamental for femoral inadequacy cracks after long haul bisphosphonate treatment?. Clinical Orthopedics and Related Research, 468(12), 3393-3398. Nosbusch, J. M., Weiss, M. E., Bobay, K. L. (2011). An incorporated survey of the writing on difficulties going up against the intense consideration staff nurture in release arranging. Diary of clinical nursing, 20(5?6), 754-774. Rhudy, L. M., Holland, D. E., Bowles, K. H. (2010). Lighting up clinic release arranging: staff nurture dynamic. Applied Nursing Research, 23(4), 198-206. Schilcher, J., Michalsson, K., Aspenberg, P. (2011). Bisphosphonate use and atypical cracks of the femoral shaft. New England Journal of Medicine, 364(18), 1728-1737. Shepperd, S., Lannin, N. A., Clemson, L. M., McCluskey, A., Cameron, I. D., Barras, S. L. (2013). Release arranging from emergency clinic to home. Cochrane Database Syst Rev, 1(1). Sugi, M. T., Davidovitch, R., Montero, N., Nobel, T., Egol, K. A. (2012). Treatment of lower-furthest point long-bone cracks in dynamic, nonambulatory, wheelchair-bound patients. Orthopedics, 35(9), e1376-e1382.

Then and Now

Then and Now First of all, I give you an excerpt from my personal blog, written way back in early September (yeah, remember that?) Imagine youre working on your first 18.02 pset. Okay, say youre me, and youre working on your first 18.02 pset. And by working, I mean staring blankly at the problems, quickly growing frustrated at the fact that none of it makes even a bit of sense, and throwing out various swear words every two and a half seconds. Youve always loved math, but youre not exactly good at learning it it takes forever and a day to understand everything, but once you do get it, you can fly through the problems with ease and dexterity. A fair amount of time in which you could slowly begin to understand everything, along with an excellent teacher, is what got you through AP Calc AB and BC. A fair amount of time is definitely not what you have right now. Your excellent teacher is back home in sunny, hurricane-prone South Florida teaching LHopitals Rule to confused high school juniors and seniors. You do, however, have a book that youre returning to the Coop tomorrow (since you finally found a decently priced used copy on the Internet) and a stack of paper that is the approximate size and weight of a baby dolphin. The stack of paper is your course notes. They were written by your professor. You dont understand a single thing in the notes or the book. In short, youre screwed. Ease and dexterity wont be showing up anytime soon. Here. Have a collective emo tear. But then your good friend Kris calls you. Behold, a godsend! Kris knows math! Kris can help you with 18.02! So you skip off to Burton-Conner and attempt to learn 18.02 and do your pset. Kris gets whats going on, but his explanations are making absolutely no sense to you. Perhaps hes speaking in another language Esperanto, maybe? Every time he says, Its so easy! Here, let me show you, you want to say, NO. YOU DONT GET IT. I CANT LEARN MATH AND IM STUPID AND MIT MADE A MISTAKE WITH ME IF I CANT EVEN UNDERSTAND A BASIC MATH CLASS HOW WILL I EVER END UP GRADUATING AND FORGET THE DOUBLE MAJOR I SHOULDNT BE HERE DIE 18.02 DIE DIE DIE- And you realize youre ranting, so you shut up. You sink to Kris floor and struggle some more. Before, you were on your bed in Senior Haus wrestling with an 18.02 pset, and now youre on your friends floor in Burton-Conner fighting with the same pset. Youre more annoyed now than you were before, since whatever this work entails is obviously understandable to at least one person. This is in no way helpful, especially since there is now a human being in the area who could easily be hit by anything you may or may not throw in your many fits of frustration. So you decide to punt the thing for now, at least. Its eating your soul, and youd prefer to keep at least a few remnants of said soul by the end of your first semester Five months ago, I began my first term at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. I remember leaving my theater class terrified by the daunting number of papers due throughout the term, walking out of 5.112 and wondering whether or not I really was as chemistry-competent as I thought I would be, rushing out of the door after 18.02 recitation nearly crying because already I felt like an absolute idiot and hey, I thought that wasnt supposed to happen until at least the middle of the first lecture, could someone clear that up for me here? Cut to the day after my last final, the day before I flew home for the first time since August, the day I saw the 77% Id earned on my 18.02 final and hey, Id passed multivariable calculus. You cant package and sell that feeling of accomplishment you know, the one accompanied by a feeling of absolute relief, by a look, that wasnt so bad, was it? Its hard to properly recall just how anything felt between September and December. Bringing up the excitement and apprehension from just before the start of term is simple. As for the post-final rush once Id found out that Id passed everything? Also easy come on, Im still riding on the adrenaline from that a month later! Woo hoo! I can survive MIT! Theres hope for me yet; years from now, maybe I wont have to develop the ability to sustain sparkling conversations while holding dinner parties for my friends in the box I call home! With the knowledge that I can in fact survive at MIT, why why why does looking at my spring term schedule terrify me so much? Since when does the prospect of taking my beloved 5.12 make me want to crawl in bed and hide? Why does learning about syntax and morphemes in 24.900 not seem like fun anymore? And just which sadist decided to taint the beauty of electricity and magnetism with the bane of my existence, multivariable calculus? I guess it happens to all of us. I should hope so, at least; after all, I felt the same way before the start of nearly every year in high school. Of course its all difficult. That, if nothing else, I definitely learned last term. But it can be done. It can even be done while having a life, while spending night after night singing and dancing and working on scenes, going shopping or out to dinner with friends, or even trying something new and figuring out just how all the pretty slidey things work and occasionally screwing up on the air. So when the final blackout on the final night of the musical occurs, when youre walking out of Trident on Newbury Street after having breakfast with your friends at 8 PM, when you flip the air line switch after your first radio show or you pass a class you really didnt think you would, it is absolutely, absolutely worth it. Bring it on, spring term. Bring it on.

What Justification Has Alexander II Become Known As The...

To what justification has Alexander II become known as ‘the Great Reformer’? Russia in the 19th century was, as we now know, a fatally flawed system. An autocracy that would not last beyond the early 20th century and there surrounds a controversy and paradox in one of the last Tsars, Alexander II, who has many titles imparted upon him, for example ‘The Tsar Liberator’ or ‘The Great Reformer’; the later draws links to ‘Peter the Great’. Titles like these are cause of such controversy are not based in the denial of his reforms but rather the significance of these reforms whether it be; the depth of effect on people, the amount of people affected, the length of time they were effected for or the effect of the event upon today. These are ways†¦show more content†¦Each reform seeking to modernise Russia, in the words of Dr David Moon, ‘rebuild Military might and recover international status.’ However whether he was successful in his aim does not directly contribute to the significance, it can be signifi cant without being successful. Central to all of the reforms of Alexander II is the ‘Emancipation Decrees’ which are arguably the largest reforms of Alexander and set up for the following liberal community reforms. The most well-known is the Emancipation of the Serfs in 1861 had reaching consequences into every corner of Russia and its significance is evident in the depth of contemporary excitement as described by Prince Pyotrs Kropotkin, ‘Crowds of peasants and educated men stood in front of the palace, shouting hurrahs’ . Such rejoicing and mass celebration helps highlights the importance placed upon this manifesto, but is also highlighted in the opinions of the author himself as he is in opposition to the system but also a member of nobility in which this manifesto has no direct effect and yet still supports and rejoices at the manifesto. Showing the startling significance that the Russia public put upon this reform, feeds itself into the significance of the Alexander as a reformer- as Pytor describes later ‘[Alexander] Your name has been transmitted through history as that of a hero’ . This point is compounded by a newspaper article at the time in which the ‘emotion created’ by theShow MoreRelatedCorrectional Administration Reviewer18383 Words   |  74 PagesPenalty in its general sense signifies pain; in the judicial sphere, it means suffering undergone, because of the action of society, to one who commits a crime. The very purpose or reason why society has to punish a criminal is to secure justice. The state has to protect its existence, assess what is right for the people based on moral principles, which vindicated. The giving of punishment, which is exercised by society, is the fulfillment of service and satisfaction of a duty to the people it protectsRead MoreLaw and Justice4680 Words   |  19 Pagesjustice has been accepted by world judicial fraternity as a landmark vision to understand the system. Similarly it has earned a good amount of criticism which shows the basic strength of the thought. As such: Rawls theories of Justice has to be checked and rechecked not because it is best but because it will provide us a starting point to understand this whole world of law and justice. In this paper an attempt has been made to understand and analyze Rawls theory of justice. This work has been doneRead MoreOne Significant Change That Has Occurred in the World Between 1900 and 2005. Explain the Impact This Change Has Made on Our Lives and Why It Is an Important Change.163893 Words   |  656 Pages978-1-4399-0269-1 (cloth : alk. paper)—ISBN 978-1-4399-0270-7 (paper : alk. paper)—ISBN 978-1-4399-0271-4 (electronic) 1. History, Modern—20th century. 2. Twentieth century. 3. Social history—20th century. 4. World politics—20th century. I. Adas, Michael, 1943– II. American Historical Association. D421.E77 2010 909.82—dc22 2009052961 The paper used in this publication meets the requirements of the American National Standard for Information Sciences—Permanence of Paper for Printed Library Materials, ANSIRead MoreLibrary Management204752 Words   |  820 Pagestext series) Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978–1–59158–408–7 (alk. paper) ISBN 978–1–59158–406–3 (pbk. : alk. paper) 1. Library administration—United States. 2. Information services— United States—Management. I. Moran, Barbara B. II. Title. Z678.S799 2007 025.1—dc22 2007007922 British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data is available. Copyright  © 2007 by Robert D. Stueart and Barbara B. Moran All rights reserved. No portion of this book may be reproduced, by any process or techniqueRead MoreStrategy Safari by Mintzberg71628 Words   |  287 PagesCataloging-in-Publication Data Mintzberg, Henry. Strategy safari: a guided tour through the wilds of strategic management / Henry Mintzberg, Bruce Ahlstrand, Joseph Lampel. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. 1. Strategic planning. I. Ahlstrand, Bruce W. II. Lampel, Joseph. III. Title. HD30.28.M564 1998 658.4 012—dc21 98-9694 CIP ISBN 0-684 -84743-4 (hardcover) There are some people who begin the Zoo at the beginning, called WAYIN, and walk as quickly as they can past every cage until they come toRead MoreStrategic Marketing Management337596 Words   |  1351 Pagesedition 1997 Reprinted 1998, 1999, 2001, 2003 Third edition 2005 Copyright  © 1992, 1997, 2005, Richard M.S. Wilson and Colin Gilligan. All rights reserved The right of Richard M.S. Wilson and Colin Gilligan to be identified as the authors of this work has been asserted in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988 No part of this publication may be reproduced in any material form (including photocopying or storing in any medium by electronic means and whether or not transiently or incidentally

Slime Persuasive Essay - 863 Words

â€Å"I’ll be right over.† I excitedly told Carly over the phone. â€Å"Mom I’m going to Carly’s to make slime!† I yelled from my room. BOOM BOOM BOOM BOOM. Four stomps boomed from the ceiling, my queue to go upstairs. â€Å"Coming† I screamed. I bounded up the stairs into my mom’s room. â€Å"I’m going to Carly’s.† I repeated. â€Å"Ok† she advised â€Å"Bring your brother’s bike and be home by 6:30.† â€Å"Ok, thank you, bye Mom, love you!† I hollered, already down the hall towards the door. I scooped up the ingredients to make the slime, put it in my backpack, and ran out to get my bike. I opened the garage door and scooted my brother’s big blue bike onto the driveway. I hopped on and was on my way the half mile to Carly’s house. I was SO excited to make slime! Slime†¦show more content†¦Next, I grabbed a mixing utensil and went to town on the mixture. Once I finished mixing, Carly was already behind me with some pink food coloring. She lightly squeezed the container, bright red liquid came bursting forth from the bottle. Carly missed the bowl and got some on the counter, but there was already shaving cream everywhere so, I didn’t say anything. After I stirred the slime again, I put a pinch of corn starch and some contact solution into the mixture. It was now time for my favorite part, the glitter! We poured a ton of glitter into the pink sli me. Then, we mixed it and then kneaded it to fine dough. Finally, it was time to play. Carly and I squished, squashed, and scrunched our pink glitter slime. â€Å"Cassidy, catch.† She told me, and I did. We threw our slime around for about 5 minuets. Until Carly chucked the slime at me and instead of landing in my hands, it hit the ceiling. Carly and I couldn’t stop laughing. We laughed until the slime fell down. When it did it was surprisingly as hard as a rock. â€Å"Why is it so hard?† I asked Carly â€Å"Oh† She surprised turned to laughter again â€Å"We added to much corn starch. Now the slime is hard!† Then we started laughing again, passing the pink glittering rock around like before. We were having so much fun, I didn’t notice the clock. 6:27! ‘Oh no† I franticly started packing my stuff. â€Å"I have to be home at 6:30. â€Å"Sorry Carly, thanks for making slime with me. Bye, see you tomorrow!† I yelledShow MoreRelatedCase Study : Wheres The Beef 1206 Words   |  5 PagesTARES Evaluative Essay: Wendy s The ad that will be evaluated with the TARES test is Wendy s Where s the Beef? campaign. This ad originated in 1984 and was meant specifically to target their competitors. Instead of trying to show a new product that was to be introduced, Wendy s used this advertisement to point out the lack of beef used in their competitors burgers. This advertisement was meant to make the general public aware that their competition was not providing them with one hundred percentRead MoreStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 PagesCommunication 341 †¢ Nonverbal Communication 341 Organizational Communication 342 Formal Small-Group Networks 343 †¢ The Grapevine 343 †¢ Electronic Communications 345 †¢ Managing Information 349 Choice of Communication Channel 350 xiv CONTENTS Persuasive Communications 351 Automatic and Controlled Processing 351 †¢ Interest Level 352 †¢ Prior Knowledge 352 †¢ Personality 352 †¢ Message Characteristics 352 Barriers to Effective Communication 353 Filtering 353 †¢ Selective Perception 353 †¢ Information

Energy Efficiency †a Replacement to Load Shedding Free Essays

Load shedding is one of the biggest problem faced by everyone in Pakistan, no matter they are domestic or commercial consumers. Pakistan is facing a serious energy crises and it may get worse if not addressed seriously and promptly. Everyone is curious about the role of government in dealing with this issue and relieving consumers through immediate supply side solutions such as new power sources. We will write a custom essay sample on Energy Efficiency – a Replacement to Load Shedding or any similar topic only for you Order Now Government is playing its role in establishing new power plants and potential of utilizing unleashed sources such as coal and renewable resources i. e. ind, solar etc. Domestic and commercial consumers contribute more than 60% in the total electrical energy requirement of Pakistan. Currently, maximum energy deficit is 5500 MW in summers and immediate solutions are unable to meet this deficit in near future. It is not recommended to a consumer to compromise on comfort by not operating some of the high priority appliances but slight change in behavior may contribute much more than expected. Main electricity demand contributors are cooling and heating appliances used by domestic and commercial users. In order to quantify the impacts of such appliances, research has been carried regarding the usage of air conditioners in Pakistan. Consumers have been suffering from crises in form of load shedding for hours in a day no immediate solution seems to be viable in extended summers. They tend to blame government and utility companies for not reducing load shedding. Energy could be made available for extended hours but a mass level awareness about efficient usage of energy is required. Illegal connections, usage of inefficient and unnecessary appliances at peak demand time has worsened the situation and utility companies seem helpless about it. They are not left with any other option to reduce demand except through load shedding. Air conditioners are one of the major contributors in peak load in summer. They comprise 15% of the total peak load requiring at least 3000 MW for the country. A survey regarding usage of air conditioners was floated as a part of this research and 300 domestic and commercial consumers responded to the survey. One of the conclusions of the survey indicated that 21 0C is the average control temperature for AC in households. From the same survey consumers were asked about the maximum control temperature used in household. The maximum average temperature was found to be 26 0C. In order to investigate the influence of this control temperature on household energy consumption and peak load demand, an experiment was carried out on two similar buildings in Karachi. Two rooms of the dimension of 12 X 16 X 12 ft were used for this purpose. One room was operated at 21 0C control temperature for 24 hours period while other at 26 0C. Observations and results indicated that a total of 0. 45 KWhr saving was recorded in the room having AC operating at 26 0C. If this saving is extrapolated to expected number of air conditioners in Pakistan, then a total of 14. 5 GWhr of electrical energy could be saved in a single day. In terms of power this can easily curtail a total of 607 MW out of peak demand, which is equivalent to some of the largest power plants in the country. If similar energy conservation techniques are applied for refrigerators and other cooling appliances then savings could be of much significant level. Due to ongoing gas load shedding scenario, consumers may start turning towards electrical heating appliances, which may potentially add up in electrical energy demand in near future. Large scale awareness is required at each level of consumption. Peak load shifting, discouraging illegal connections and utilizing energy in efficient way are our few life lines. A single consumer contribution may seem insignificant but as a whole it can contribute towards reduction of significant peak load. How to cite Energy Efficiency – a Replacement to Load Shedding, Essay examples

Foundations of Couples - Marriage - and Family

Question: Discuss about the Foundations of Couples, Marriage, and Family. Answer: Introduction: face a range of ethical conflict during their daily work. No matter where they function in their roles, they are faced with ethical decisions that can affect them as well as their patients. Ethical conflict in healthcare and nursing is ranked as the top ethical challenge facing health care today. Ethical dilemma occurs when a person is not able to act on ones ethical choice. Therefore, constraints interfere with acting in a way that an individual believes to be right. According to Canadian Nurse Association, ethical conflict is a situation where nurses cannot fulfill their ethical duty thus failing to pursue their right course of action (In Lundy, In Janes, Lundy, 2016). Ethics involves doing well and not causing harm. Nurses encounter many ethical issues in their workplace. The ethical conflict that happens in their day-to-day work entails them making a decision (Harvey Land, 2016). The decisions they make are affected by many factors including principles, values, as well as exper iences. Harry Nelson is a patient who is ailing from end-stage cancer. He is receiving palliative care at his home where he has brought up his family. Harry has not prepared an advanced care directive, and his condition is worsening, and he is aware that his death is imminent. Harry wishes to die in his home, but his daughter Stacey is stressed because of his fathers condition. Therefore, she calls an ambulance because she believes his father can live longer if he receives further treatment. When the palliative care crew gets at Harry Nelson home, they find considerable conflict, and this becomes complex on how to solve it. Harry has the desire to stay at home, and on the other hand, Stacey wants him to go to the hospital for further treatment. The ambulance transports Harry because according to its guidelines, Harry meets the criteria of medical treatment and transport. Therefore, Harry is taken to hospital despite his objections. According to the case study above, it is clear that there is a considerable conflict. Critical medical issues like Harry Nelson condition involve far-reaching decisions about the life and the death of a severely sick patient, and this is very challenging for the healthcare staffs. Furthermore discussing such serious decisions with the patient becomes impossible due to their stubbornness thus resulting in an increased need to communicate with the relatives or legal representative. Trust and confidence, therefore, become challenged thus inviting conflict. According to the case study, the considerable conflict occurred between the palliative care and Harry Nelsons daughter Stacey in the matter of whether or not to limit the life-sustaining treatment and the patients death due to Harry Nelson wish to stay at home. Principles of healthcare ethics According to the actions of the palliative care crew, they acted in accordance to the relevant principles of healthcare, code of ethics as well as the code of conduct in healthcare professional. According to research, critical medical issues present the major ethical theories and application in healthcare as part of the foundation for the study of ethics. The foundation shows how principles are used in healthcare and how they are applied in care of ethical conflict. The principles that are commonly used in healthcare ethics are non-maleficence, beneficence, and autonomy. The nurses use these principles to make decisions in case of serious illness in patients like that of Harry Nelson. This principle relates to the first ethical requirement in healthcare that procedure done by any healthcare professional should not harm the patient or others in the community. In healthcare ethics, there is no clear evidence whether a health care professional want to do harm or avoid doing harm. Nevertheless, the debate comes in when we consider the word harm. Different ethical theories give the various meaning of harm. For example, a deontologist would define harm as that which prevents people from performing their duty or that, which is opposed, to the formal condition of moral law. On the other hand, a consequentiality would define harm as that which prevents the good thus leading to less good. However, in healthcare, harm is that which worsens the condition of a patient (Evans, 2017). In many fields, they may say harm include pain, inconvenience, expense or even discomfort. Nevertheless, in healthcare settings, harm is considered physical harm. According to the case study, the palliative care crew acted in non-maleficence. The crew did not mean to harm Harry Nelson despite his wish to stay at home. First, his health was deteriorating, and therefore, it is the duty of the healthcare crew to look after him without neglecting him. Even though in clinical setting non-maleficence can occur due to negligence and as a violation of autonomy, a patient needs to have a legal document that specifies what actions should be taken for their health (Maville Huerta, 2013). In harm as a violation of autonomy, a patient may elect not to receive treatment because of their condition as they are aware they are about to die. Therefore, imposing treatment on a person who desires to lose life quality then it is wrong. According to the case study, Harry is very weak and fully aware that his death is nearing thus he wishes to remain at home with no further treatment and die in his home. However, the palliative care crew transports him against his w ill upon his daughters insistence. This, however, is not wrong because the crew was taking Harry to the hospital for further treatment they did not mean any harm. Second, Harry had not prepared an advanced care directive. Therefore, their actions are not questionable as they acted in best of interests and reasonable decision (Smith, 2016). Beneficence principle advocates that any performance should be done with the intention of doing well for the patient. It demands that healthcare staffs develop and maintain skills and knowledge, considers the circumstances of all patients and strive for overall benefit. Beneficence involves more than just avoiding harm (Dossey, Keegan, In Barrere, 2016). It involves a level of altruism that is not present from just refraining from harm. The healthcare ethical guideline of having to involve in beneficent acts means that the healthcare professionals are ethically required to take optimistic steps to assist the patients. Concerning the ethical theories, the principle advocates for the maximum good for an utmost number just as the principle of consequentialism (Shafer-Landau, 2012). The beneficence principle is important in healthcare ethics and therefore, ethical egoism, which is the belief that our basic obligation is a virtue, is not connected from healthcare (Maville Huerta, 2013). Therefore, in the case study, the healthcare professionals transported Harry to the hospital because they wanted to help him. They did not hold the negligent or deficient action to perform a beneficent act. Healthcare workers are expected to portray the act of kindness and courtesy as it is part of the common morality of healthcare. Nevertheless, the principles of beneficence together with non-maleficence are not sufficient in healthcare actions due to the people who defined harm and good. Many patients are ignorant of why physicians are doing certain treatments n them. This is evident in the case study, as Harry does not want any further treatment thus having self-interest of just staying at his place and having a wish of dying at his own home. Therefore, the palliative care crew who is avoiding harm has no say in Harry Nelson wish. However, according to (Tobin, 2012) competent patients have the assertion of making decisions for themselves, which now brings the conflict of Harry being taken to the hospital and his desire to stay at home. Thus, due to the inadequacy of the two principle health professional can include the principle of Autonomy in their decisions concerning a patient who has a critical condition. This principle necessitates that the patient has the sovereignty of intent, deed, as well as thought when making verdict concerning healthcare procedures (Fletcher, 2015). Therefore, the decision taken must be free of coaxing for the patient to makes fully choice. In addition, the patient must be aware of the risks and likelihood of success in the procedures. However, in most times when a patient is in a critical condition, it is always difficult t expect the patient to operate under fully informed consent. In the case study, Harry has the right to make any decision he wants without anyone going against him. On the other hand, the palliative care crew has the obligation of acting a way that benefits Harry without harming him. Therefore, due to the conflict of his desire and the best interest of the palliative crew, the healthcare professionals should be considerable in extending Harry Nelson quality life by doing further treatment. However, Harry is competent and understands that his condition is critical and he is aware that his death is about to happen and that is why he does not want any further treatment. This makes it difficult for the palliative crew to decide whether to act upon Harry or upon his daughter insistence. It is therefore at this point the principles of healthcare ethics non-maleficence, beneficence and autonomy are important for the healthcare professionals in making decisions in any healthcare conflict. Professional Code of Ethics Since 1953, the code in healthcare has served as the standard for nurses globally (In Capuzzi In Stauffer, 2015). The code of ethics for nurses is a channel for action based on social standards and morals. The code of ethics makes it clear that inherent in nursing is respect for human rights which include, right to life, dignity and to be treated with respect (In Friberg In Creasia, 2016). The code of ethics directs nurses in daily choices thus supporting their denial to perform in activities that conflict with caring and healing. In the case study, the palliative care crew strived to guard the health and the safety of the patient. The nurses do not only focus on giving care to a patient but also to promote safety and protection as well as the rights of the patient (Butts Rich, 2016). In the case, Harry, being taken to the hospital against his will was to protect his health. Even though he had wished to remain at his home, the lack of an advanced care directive makes the palliative to focus on their actions and encounters with Harry Nelson. Therefore, their act drives protocols and promotes the wellbeing, protects his life (In Gerrish In Lathlean, 2015). Also in the code of ethics in the case study, the healthcare professionals conducted themselves professionally thus practicing care regardless of the unrestricted consideration, nature of health problem and Harry Nelson wish. Besides, the palliative crew owed Harry Nelson commitment of care. The ethical codes in nursing say that the nurses responsibility is foremost to their patients. Even though the crew was overcome by the considerable conflict, in the code of ethics, the nurse must always recall that their primary responsibility is to be an advocate to and for their patient and not any influence like in the insistence of Stacey Harry Nelson daughter. Professional Code of Conduct According to the International Patient Charter, codes sets out the customary of behavior that nurses are expected to maintain in their professional practice (Fowler American Nurses Association, 2015). The code of conduct advises nurses on what is expected of them. The codes are in line with the statutory to maintain the health and safety of patient (Sorkin, August, Fischer, 2017). According to the case study, the healthcare professionals acted in agreement with the code of conducts for nurses which include integrity, improving health and accountability (Waddill-Goad Sigma Theta Tau International, 2016). In the case study, the crew acted in full honor to safeguard the life of Harry. Also as the healthcare services are in agreement with promoting health. Therefore, the palliative care crew did just to take Harry in the hospital as the code of conduct acts nurses to support and empower those with chronic conditions. Besides accountability comes in when Stacey asks the crew to take her father for further treatment. The crew agrees since it is their duty to address peoples concerns. Other national and international Charters Other national healthcare charters like "you and Your Health Service" is created through efforts from many concerned individuals. The parties include advocacy groups, individual supporters who assist in the enhancement of the National policy for health services. The charter is an element of the program of quality enhancement initiatives developed to involve service users in influencing optimum healthcare (In Lundy, In Janes Lundy, 2016). The International Charter for Human Values in Healthcare is another healthcare charter. It is an inter-professional collaborative involving people globally working together to restore core human ethics to health care (Tobin, 2012). The human values consist of respect for people, integrity, justice, as well as a commitment to excellence. Ethical Theory Different ethical theories exist, and they are applied in different situations to help in healthcare professional thinking as well as making decisions. The theory of ethical principals is mostly used in approaching ethics in healthcare. The ethical principal is viewed as a tool of making a decision as well as solving problems, which is relinquished by appealing to good moral principles (Brixey et al., 2015). The theory emphasizes the four ethical healthcare principles, which are autonomy, justice, beneficence, and non-maleficence. These principles are accepted in healthcare as they assist in providing sound moral reason while taking actions. This theory is increasingly acceptable as a reliable and practical framework for solving moral problems in health care. The principal ethical theory has therefore gained contemporary discussions on ethical issues in healthcare. Therefore, it is essential for nurses to have knowledge and understanding of this model. Conclusion In conclusion, it is essential for the healthcare professionals to have the full competence of the health care principles, code of ethics, as well as the code of conducts to help them in their professional practice. The principles of healthcare ethics can assist health care at the time of handing critically ill patients, as mostly they have to make decisions that are in agreement with promoting health and preventing harm in the patient. The commitments of the nurses in their care include providing safety, competent and ethical care. However, the healthcare professionals get frustrated in their efforts to enact their professional in the way that is acceptable to them. Due to that then ethical conflict is created. If however, palliative care crew like in the case study were not able to identify the ethical conflict and dilemma then they would not have been able to make any right decision and resolve the situation while as well building up of moral residue. References Brixey, J. J., Brixey, J. E., Saba, V., McCormick, K. (2015).Essentials of Nursing Informatics Study Guide. Butts, J. B., Rich, K. L. (2016).Nursing ethics: Across the curriculum and into practice. Burlington, MA : Jones Bartlett Learning In Friberg, E. E., In Creasia, J. L. (2016).Conceptual foundations: The bridge to professional nursing practice. Dossey, B. M., Keegan, L., In Barrere, C. (2016).Holistic nursing: A handbook for practice. Evans, D. R., Hearn, M. T., Uhlemann, M. R., Ivey, A. E. (2017).Essential interviewing: A programmed approach to effective communication. Fletcher, S. N. E. (2015).Cultural sensibility in healthcare: A personal professional guidebook. Fowler, M. D. M., American Nurses Association. (2015).Guide to the code of ethics for nurses with interpretive statements: Development, interpretation, and application. Harvey, M., Land, L. (2016).Research methods for nurses and midwives: Theory and practice. In Capuzzi, D., In Stauffer, M. D. (2015).Foundations of couples, marriage, and family counseling. In Gerrish, K., In Lathlean, J. (2015).The research process in nursing. In Lundy, K. S., In Janes, S., Lundy, K. S. (2016).Community health nursing: Caring for the public's health. Burlington, MA : Jones Bartlett Learning Maville, J. A., Huerta, C. G. (2013).Health promotion in nursing. Clifton Park, NY: Delmar, Cengage Learning. Smith, G. M. (2016).Practical introduction to mental health ethics. Place of publication not identified: Routledge. Sorkin, C., August, E. V., Fischer, C. (2017).Adult-gerontology and family nurse practitioner. Tobin, J. (2012).The right to health in international law. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Waddill-Goad, S., Sigma Theta Tau International,. (2016).Nurse burnout: Combating stress in nursing.

Korean Pop free essay sample

These kinds of dramas’ penetration through modern media brought about the Filipinos’ openness and awareness of the East Asian culture and its entertainment; the â€Å"Asian style† had been well-accepted. Filipinos were only drawn to Koreanovelas, especially when Boys over Flowers, the Korean version of Meteor Garden, was aired on Philippine television. However in early 2009, the *Korean Wave or *Hallyu Wave was born. The Korean wave includes the *viral spread of Korean shows, music and culture, basically, on the field of entertainment. It primarily established its name in the Philippines when Sandara Park, a Korean celebrity who began her career in the said country, debuted on a Korean girl group 2NE1. The response of the Filipinos was overwhelming. The single â€Å"Fire† was played everywhere and it indeed, captured the hearts of the Filipino masses. Later came Super Junior with â€Å"Sorry Sorry† and Wonder Girls with â€Å"Nobody. † It seems like language was not, and had never been, a barrier for fans of the Korean wave. We will write a custom essay sample on Korean Pop or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Through its melody and catchy visuals, the Filipinos, especially the teenagers, perceived the Korean wave and accepted it. Since then, the Korean Wave, as a source of entertainment, has become urgency in Philippine media, satisfying *fandoms all over the country. After it created its name in the Philippines, Korean songs topped and stayed in music charts for weeks. Music companies circulated Korean albums in the country, which became best sellers in music stores. Asia Myx (2009) and Pop Myx: Korean pop Edition (2010) were launched in MYX channel2 as a response to KPop fans’ increasing hunger for *Korean pop media content. The year 2010 marked another milestone for the Korean pop fandom among Filipino teens. Numerous Korean pop groups like Shinee, 4minute, FT Island, Super Junior, U-kiss, Beast, Kim Hyunjoong, and Rain visited the Philippines to perform for their supporters, the Korean pop fandoms. Even little kids know how to dance Psy’s â€Å"Oppa Gangam Style,† which became an instant dance craze. Next year, on January, Girls’ Generation, EXO, Infinite, U-kiss and Tahiti are reported to perform at the Mall of Asia concert grounds. Tickets to the said show were released last Saturday and as expected, thousands of Filipino KPop fans struggled down their way to fulfillment. Fandoms are usually implied to be those crazy, raving fans, mostly female ones, who always stalk (in Korean pop vocabulary, *spazz) their Korean pop idols. They are usually thought of as obsessive, brainless and foolish people. People who criticize them just do not know how passionate these fandoms are. Although they are known for showing their support through watching their Korean pop idols and buying Korean pop merchandise, they go beyond than that; these fandoms also organize parties and charitable events to help the needy and at the same time, to mingle with their fellow KPop fans. Through this, it can be observed that Filipinos form these groups so that they can socialize with other people who also have the same inclinations, as demonstrated by the subculture of KPop fans, in the country, flamed by activities of fandoms. More than a recreation and hobby, for KPop fans, it is their happiness and fulfillment to support their idols. Through a brief research, it has been observed that the Korean wave is popular among many Filipino teenagers because it offers a fresh cultural aspect, encourages self-expression and serves as a psychological and social urgency. Significance of the Study This study was done primarily because of the researcher’s own interest in the subject matter. She was surprised to observe that the Korean Wave already established its name globally for only a short span of time. While she has her personal views and opinions regarding the explanation behind Korean pop’s popularity, she wants to further examine the reasons why Korean wave captured the hearts of other Filipino teenagers. This can aid to the expansion of KPop fans’ views on fandoms and themselves, which can also be helpful in tackling daily decisions in life. This study can also shed light to the negative connotation of being â€Å"brainless† fans for it will seek what it is beneath their obsessions. It can help them gain more confidence and self-expression. Through this, they may not feel neglected members of today’s society. It may even result to the understanding and appreciation for these KPop fans. The study’s findings could contribute to studies relating to media influence and its market. It can also establish the feasibility of the Philippines being a market site of Korean products, which will help KPop fans as well. These can result to good partnerships between the Korean and Philippine industry. Although the Korean Wave has been penetrating the Philippine cultural and entertainment industry, only few resources and studies have been found by the researcher regarding Korean pop and its popularity. The researcher hopes that this analysis can also help to further explore the effects of Korean wave to Filipino teenager fans. Scope of the Study The study focuses generally on the perceptions of different Filipino KPop fans, mostly on their teenage years. It is solely based from interviews made by the researcher and her resources. Although the study attempts to figure out the reason behind numerous Filipino KPop fans’ admiration and strong passion for Korean pop, it does not generalize all the views of the whole population. The study features the understanding and views of Filipino KPop fans not only on Korean Wave’s popularity but also on its embodied culture and benefits. Only three interviews and no surveys were conducted. The researcher interviewed three first year college students who are also Filipino KPop fans: Hysa Guarte and Chelsi Christine Tenorio, both 16 years old and Karren Grace Babiera, 17 years old. The Korean wave is popular among many Filipino teenagers because it offers a fresh cultural aspect, encourages self-expression and serves as a psychological urgency. † We, Filipinos, have our own taste of culture and entertainment. There is no doubt that we have one of the richest cultures in the world. Hospitability and respect, for example, is always exemplified in our actions . Through modern Philippine television shows, and other Filipino media, we express and give away our culture for other people to perceive and appreciate. This goes the same for the Koreans. The Koreans symbolize their culture and traditions through showing Korean dramas, mostly in the classical times and romance-comedy genre etc. Korean language is, of course, largely embedded to the Korean pop media. It also consists of Korean fashion, food, traditions, practices social views etc. This culture becomes the bond that instigates an attraction between the Korean Wave and its Filipino supporters. One of the aforementioned reasons why Filipino fans love and adore Korean pop is because it introduces and offers a new cultural aspect. Korean Pop free essay sample Abstract: This research paper explores the beginning of South Korean Pop music first emerging in the early 1900’s and becoming a global phenomenon. It examines the correlation between lyrical, acoustical values connected to facets of Korean values and cultural influences. The background of instruments, choreography and tempos are uniquely organized giving harmony to Korean music evolution. Lastly, Korean pop has different reactions globally, as its influences in media have both benefits and criticisms. Mirages of smoke appear from the ceiling as glittering confetti showers fall from the sky; audiences sing and dance along as the ground trembles like two tectonic plates colliding. For the first time, after decades from its origin in South Korea, K-pop has emerged as a global phenomenon. The beginnings of Korean pop can be traced back to as early as the late 1800’s. These first songs were based on popular western music; this type of music was called â€Å"changga. We will write a custom essay sample on Korean Pop or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page † â€Å"The popularity and phenomenon of K-pop doesn’t start until the late 1990s, when Lee Soo Man formed SM Entertainment, South Korea’s largest entertainment agency† (Dara Ho June 1). During the 1800’s, these songs emphasized the Korean peoples feelings at the time, especially when there was Japanese rule and oppression, such as the song â€Å"Huimangga†, which translates to hope (Dora Ho June 1). Korean music, like American music is a sole reflection of the times, hardships, and feelings that Korean bands and artists express; in other words, these songs are an embodiment of how musicians feel. For example, in the popular song â€Å"Gangnam Style† by PSY, talks about Gangnam, one of the most affluent upper-class areas in all of South Korea. Gangnam is similar to Wall Street of New York, where the neighborhoods are full of wealthy, privileged people, who are seen monopolizing the country’s business and economical systems. Furthermore, Shinee a South Korean artist, writes songs about religion. In his song, â€Å"Lucifer†, he talks about the devil and how society and people are trapped in demonic spells, lust, and tricks created by him. From K-pop songs, we can see that religious traditions and teachings, such as avoiding the seven deadly sins, are prevalent. Also, previously mentioned, the lyrics expressed  in the song â€Å"Huimangga† show the feelings of Korean people about the rebellion at the time of Japanese imperial rule andoppression. Korean pop songs are extremely catchy, containing harmonious vocals and melodic beats, simultaneously paired with appealing dance choreography. This type of music is also identified hand in hand with Korean drama (genre of TV). Instruments used in K-pop are vastly similar to those used in Western Hip hop including: keyboards, violins, bass, and guitars. K-POP concerts and performances involve vibrant laser and blinding strobe effects, captivating a variety of audiences from teens to adults. What is interesting is that performers and artists learn a comprehensive amount of skills. â€Å"Trainees hone their voices†¦ shape their bodies through exercise and even study multiple languages, artists must go through rigorous training camps and auditions to gain a spot in the industry† (Dora Ho June 1). Long periods of rigorous training are intertwined with their culture because from a young age, Korean culture emphasizes the importance of education and academics. Notable are the number of criticisms that are associated with Korean Pop: its negative portrayal of beauty, and its mimicking western society. â€Å"K-pop slavishly copies from the boy, girl- band that began in the US 20 years ago and crossed-over to Japan†¦ K-pop is a blatant rip-off of successful foreign models and reflects depressingly widespread Korean ‘copy-culture’, where value comes from cloning not originality† (Kelly September 2012). K-pop is viewed as mimicking all of Western Society; it is seen as just cloning other genres of music, lacking originality. Bloggers like Kelly argue, â€Å"intellectual property and copyright are all ignored here.† Another perception of Korean Pop music is that it is hazardous and a plague to modern society. Men (masculine women) wear long dangling earrings, rings, and brightly colored neon-yellow shorts. According to Sinnott, observation from the etic perspective, it is seen that these males often have long highlighted-layered hair, arguing that the men are starting to resemble homosexual women. â€Å"This style of dress was ubiquitous of the nightclubs in Bangkok in 2009 that catered to young queer women†¦ Thai-language magazine frames K-pop style specially into an aesthetic for masculine-identifying women† (Megan Sinnott Dec 2012). This shows that this particular sense of subjective â€Å"questionable† male-style is dominating the globe in regions like China and even Thailand. The majority of K-pop bands and singers dress in a  flamboyant sense, and possess admirable traits such as: being tall, slender, attractive, and â€Å"flawless†. This brings forth the controversial topic of plastic surgery; in the past decade, South Koreans began engaging in plastic surgery. Globally, It’s generally believed that beauty is needed to succeed in the entertainment industry; you must be beautiful, meaning you must have the aforementioned features that define beauty (Jeannette Francis March 19). The popularity of plastic surgery has heightened to extremes in South Korean culture. It is perceived that â€Å"beauty† is not in the eye of the beholder, but there is a widespread belief in Korea that a person must be â€Å"beautiful† to succeed in life or to get potential marriage partners. There are even stories about girls receiving plastic surgery as graduation presents, arguably shaping a generation that is fake. â€Å"South Korea has the highest rate of cosmetic procedures per capita in the world. Some reports place the number of South Korean women who have had cosmetic procedure at one in five† (Jeannette Francis March 19). Subjective or not, it is without question, that this society is obsessed with looks and are vastly superficial. This perceived ideal of beauty is starting to affect many other societies, and could be a negative influence. Despite the negative criticisms placed on Korean Pop, it is an amazing catalyst for economic expansion and recognition for South Korean society. â€Å"Rain’s breakthrough into the US market †¦ â€Å"we’re targeting the global market. Rain’s too big for Asia† (SHIN Hyunjoon November 2009). As declared by Shin, Korean-pop has started to infiltrate the U.S, and even globalized in all of Asia around 2005. Rain, one of the notable Korean pop artists, appeared in Time Magazine’s top 100 Most Influential People, in as early as 2006. S.M entertainment, a music record company, has continued to receive positive trending gains in profits throughout the years. In 2008 profits were only 42.5 million; however, recently with PSY’s exposure, the revenues are exceeding 217 million dollars. In fact, it is approximated that revenues are nearly 7 billion dollars in the South Korean music industry alone. The taxes and revenue increases are a correlation of how well Korean society is doing compared to other countries. In Korea’s globalized society, there are now more culture clubs, organized in many areas of the world. This expansion has created more communities that unite for a specific purpose, to discuss  Korean Pop. During the past few months, Korean Pop music was on popular radio broadcast stations such as KIIS FM, and throughout multiple parts of the United States. An amazing change also affects South Korean culture, the rise of nationalism. â€Å" Since Korea has never enjoyed regional as well as international acclaim for its popular culture, the transitional recognition of its pop culture has become a point of national pride in Korea† (Jeong Suk Joo Nov 2011). This term is coined â€Å"pop nationalism.† Korean society is now using terms such as â€Å"Hallyu-wood†, the combination of the words Korean Wave and Hollywood. Koreans are celebrating their culture values and even creating a theme park similar to Hollywood with streets, hotels, and shops named after Korean stars. The government is encouraging exporting their cultural context to other parts of the world. â€Å" †¦ Indicate the localization strategy of transnational corporations in order to make their products more palatable to Asians by using Asian talents† (Jeong Suk Joo 2011). This promotes nationalism and ties in with South Korean economic growth as well. The most influential breakthrough is that South Korea, once a small country non-existent to the rest of the world, is now a global power. With its great influence in media and technological advances, it is definitely recognized with popular names such as: Hyundai and Samsung. Psy, a Korean pop icon, is breaking new ground with his upbeat song â€Å"Gangnam Style†, his music video passing one billion views on YouTube. This viral video has been globally recognized and gives him tremendous success. He appears on popular television shows such as Ellen DeGeneres. Park Geun Hye, President of South Korea, even called PSY patriotic! Without a doubt, South Korea’s pop culture reflects their cultural values and society. Now spreading like wildfire, talented artists like PSY are being called global phenomenon.

Economic Analysis of Germany

Economic Analysis of Germany Major macro-economic indicators 2010 2011 2012 2013(f) GDP Growth (%) 3.6% 2.7% 3.1% 0.9% Inflation (Yearly average) (%) 1.1% 2.2% 1.99% 1.3% Budget balance (% of GDP) 4.2% 0.8% 0.2% 0.4% Current account balance (% of GDP) 6.11% 5.63% 5.65% 5.69% Public debt (% of GDP) 83.4% 81.5% 83% 81% Strengths Germany is characterized by a thriving export industry, strict discipline on fiscal matters and industrial relations and welfare policies which are driven by consensus among all parties. The country is specifically associated with goods of high quality and goods that are high-tech. It also practices a social market economy which is characterized by a combination of free enterprise and competition that concentrates on high level of social services.Advertising We will write a custom case study sample on Economic Analysis of Germany specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Germany’s economy is ranked third largest in the world in t erms of market exchange rates and fifth largest one in terms of purchasing power parity. There is social understanding and cohesion among employers and employees, and the workers union representatives negotiate with executives of corporate companies in boardrooms. This system is referred to as co-determination. Germany is also credited with having the largest coal deposits among the European Union countries, estimated at 7.4 billion short tons. This state has also put in place a highly developed transport and communications network which helps in transportation of goods and services (Merikas Merika, 446). Weaknesses Germany as a country does not have a lot of natural resources and therefore relies on importing them from other countries to fuel its manufacturing industry. A large percentage of the country’s population is ageing and this has put a lot of pressure on the country’s high welfare and spending on universal health provision. Unfavorable geological conditions make the mining of hard coal economically unviable. The country’s economy is over regulated in an attempt to protect the locals from international competition and the government has been accused of strong resistance to change (Merikas MErika, 447). Risk assessment The country is categorized as a CRT-1 country which has very low risk levels in all the three risk categories i.e. political risks, economic risks and financial system risks. In 2009, the country’s economy went under recession and recorded a sharp decrease of 5% in real GDP. After the recession, the country was able to recover but has been on a downward trend and growth has slowed down to 0.6% in the year 2012. This is caused by weak global demand for exports and the risks and uncertainties brought about by the Euro zone debt crisis (Ewing, par 10). Efforts to stem high unemployment and low average economic growth During the period beginning1998 to 2005, the government of Germany, under the leadership of Cha ncellor Gerhard Schroeder, came up with various reforms to try and control the increasing unemployment in the country and to put some energy into economic growth recovery. These reforms led to strong growth in the economy which was recorded in the years 2006 and 2007 and the falling unemployment rate during the same years.Advertising Looking for case study on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More In 2008 and 2009, the government of Germany under the leadership of the then Chancellor, Angela Merkel came up with a stimulation programs and stabilization strategies to further rescue the failing economy. These efforts resulted in an increase of budget deficit in 2010 to a level of 3.3%. To control the budget deficit, the government introduced high tax revenues and reduced the overall expenditure. This lowered the deficit to 1.7% in 2011. This rate was below the 3% limit established by the European Community . In an attempt to limit the budget deficit, the government passed an amendment to the constitution in 2009 which was aimed at ensuring that the deficit would not go beyond 0.35% of GDP by the year 2016 (Ewing, par 7). Ewing, Jack. â€Å"In Germany, a Limp Domestic Economy Stifled by Regulation.† The New York Times. 22 Feb. 2012. Web. https://www.nytimes.com/2012/02/23/business/global/in-germany-a-limp-domestic-economy-stifled-by-regulation.html Merikas, Andreas and Anna Merika. â€Å"Stock Prices Response to Real Economic Variables: The case of Germany. Managerial Finance, 32.5 (2006): 446-450. Print.

Thomas edison Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Thomas edison - Essay Example the day of his birth to have the commitment of trying more than a thousand times to light that luminous bulb, which unlocked the avenues of modern era of the human race. This calls for a tribute to this dedicated and triumphant inventor who brightened the world with his new source of light. Therefore, today, I will try to put some light on the life and achievements of this great inventor, Thomas Alva Edison as a personal way of giving honor and respect to him. This great inventor of the millennium, surprisingly, was unable to talk until his age of four (MacLeod & Krystoforski, pp. 11-14). However, since the age of four, family observed a miraculous change in Edison as he began to talk with keen interest and trying to know almost everything that existed around him. Although family members appreciated his interest, however, this created problem for his teachers as they gradually started taking Edison as a hyperactive and jumbled child. However, nobody knew that this child would be gifting one of the most precious gifts to the human civilization in future. Although this may sound funny, but Thomas once tried to try his luck in the acting before he began to test his invention; however, he was extremely shy person that inclined him to drop this idea. Nevertheless, he continued his fondness for reading and poetry that one often sees in a scientist or an inventor, and that is one of the extraordinary aspects of this great inventor. One more surprising thing about Edison was that at one stage, he began to dislike physics theories of Newton due to confusing terms; however, this even did not lessen his love for sciences (MacLeod & Krystoforski, pp. 23-27). This love for sciences and reading habits helped him a lot in understanding different scientific theories in his own way, another factor inclined him towards creating his own inventions. Belonging to a middle-class family, Thomas always felt the absence of a financial supporter, and for that, he put enormous efforts

How to stop data warehousing and mining before they become more Essay - 1

How to stop data warehousing and mining before they become more trouble than they are worth - Essay Example y service, promote efficient business operations and maintain the organizational productivity, avoiding disclosure of sensitive information and fraud and complying with the legislation. It is essential that the organizations understood the major principles of secure information systems implementation. Jeff Angus (2005) clearly demonstrates that the wrong and excessive security practices do nothing but harm the work, causing losses of money, time, and human labor, without providing the security the organization wanted to reach. He explains that very often the complexity of the initiatives overcomes the efforts, while there comes a moment when people and systems simply cannot cope with it, weakening the stability of system and protection. Angus points to the major error that can be committed by an organization concerned with its security: its concentration on â€Å"what might go wrong† instead of on â€Å"how to cope with the inevitable changes to their operations and business model†. While the organization spends money, energy and time overhead, it can be undercut by the changes in the market, so that it may lack the resources as a result. Mark Miller (2005) tries to highlight the reasons of the erroneous practices taking place. To his mind, the major problem is that computer security field is building â€Å"perpetual motion machines†, without distinguishing possible and impossible goals. Permanent frustration caused by such practices leads to the perception that â€Å"true computer security is impossible†, the breeches in protection are inevitable. This, Miller warns, may result in decrease of demand for the security information systems. First of all, Miller explains, it is necessary to understand that the security issue in the pattern of commerce cooperation is â€Å"how to safely obtain the benefits of interacting with the entities you do not trust†. It is also important to realize which of numerous and various models fits the best for achieving the purposes of the

Obstacles to Internationalization of Vietnamese SMEs

Obstacles to Internationalization of Vietnamese SMEs Major difficulties and obstacles to internationalization of Vietnamese SMEs Financing problems Lack of capital to expand production and business are considered as common phenomenon of SMEs. Despite of Vietnamese government’s effort to facilitate SMEs’ process of accessing capital and commercial banks have made great strides in the provision of credit to SMEs, surveyed about the difficulties, more than 60% of SMEs often have difficulty in financing, according to Vietnamese Ministry of Planning and Investment (VMPI, 2009). SMEs usually mobilized capital from relatives, friends or bank loans. Clearly, the poor access and low speed to access to capital is main disadvantage of SMEs compared to large corporations because it stymies the expansion, especially foreign expansion, of SMEs. The fact that only 30% of the capital is borrowed from banks and credit institutions. The main reasons are, most business have insufficient collateral for the institution to borrow money, financial management is not really transparent, and creditors sometimes acquire reputations as credit worthy because of moral hazard and adverse selection problems (TD). Sometimes, in hurry and needing capital, SMEs have to pay for non-financial creditors with interest rates 3 to 6 times higher than common official rates (VMPI, 2009). Difficulties in land and production premises Another difficulties that SMEs have to face is land and production premises. To some extend, it is also another financial problems for them. Over half of SMEs have major operations in the field of trade and most of them use their house as office, or lease small offices (VGSO, 2009). Otherwise, many manufacturing SMEs have to rent the land or premises with high cost. Even when they want to have long-term investment, there still is hesitation due to lack of legal guarantee (TD). Recently, many places have carried out many planning and construction of industrial clusters of SMEs aimed at bringing together the business production business. Some provinces such as Ha Noi, Bac Ninh, Vinh Phuc, Hung Yen, Hai Duong, Ha Nam, Thai Binh, Da Nang, Quang Nam, Quang Ngai, Binh Duong, Dong Nai, Ho Chi Minh Cityhave built many industrial clusters for production and attracting foreign investment. However, due to rent land with inadequate financial capacity of businesses in small scale, so many SMEs st ill cannot access these zones. SME survey data in 30 northern provinces, showed that 42% of businesses having difficulty in land and production premises. Imperfect information Another disadvantage of SMEs’ entry is their information disadvantages about market such as labor market, materials market, and output market conditions. Besides, customers’ poor information about these new entrants also account for blockade new SMEs have to face in foreign expansion procedure. However, there is argument that steady entry might erode the information barriers because later entrants can learn from earlier entrants’ mistakes. The higher steady flow of new entrants, the less dependence of customers and even workers on established large corporations (TD) Corporate management is not high quality and low quality human resources Level of production and business management of SMEs which are almost private enterprises, is still limited and largely based on personal experiences of business owners, investment with little application of information technology into management. Skilled workers in SMEs are fewer compared to large corporations because of relatively lower and less stable salary. Especially, new market entrants also may find it difficult to attract good workers because employment and contracts with established large firms are seen as less risky. Low level of technology, weaknesses in RD Most SMEs have the backward technology, equipment. According to VMPI, results of survey for small and medium enterprises in 30 Northern provinces, in the nearly 11 thousand industrial enterprises surveyed, there are only 8% of businesses having advanced technology. Surprisingly, there are 50% of businesses said they could reach the average level of technology, and the remaining 42% of enterprises chose the answer of backward technology (VMPI, 2009). Moreover, skilled workers in SMEs are few, so the quality of products, goods and services is not high, thus they have weak competitiveness and difficult to dominate domestic and international market. The level of investment in technological renovation of enterprises is still low compared with development requirements. Most SMEs are lack of motivation on the research for technological innovation. Content of technology and knowledge in goods of Vietnam SMEs are low. In fact, the product is made mainly based on capital and unskilled labors. Only some small firms are innovators. Many smaller firms undertake no innovative activity. Some may be serving local niche markets relying on owner’s control. Still other small firms might be unsuccessful innovators (TD) Awareness and observance of the law is limited A number of SMEs have not followed strictly the provisions of law, especially provisions on taxation, financial management, labors management, quality of goods and intellectual property. The situation of complaint about the laws compliance of enterprises has been popular even in the period of deeper economic integration with various international commitments. This could even lead to conviction because of tax and financial violations. Therefore, limited awareness of law brings greater barriers to foreign expansion because SMEs need to work with not only domestic but also foreign legal system. Survey report The difficulties and benefits to the internationalization of SMEs 1. Difficulties To find out solutions to promote internationalization, research has to point out the obstacles from the environment inside and outside the enterprises. For SMEs, the main difficulties are often referred to as inside and outside difficulties. Inside difficulties of Vietnamese SMEs Inside difficulties: Lack of capital, Lack of quality human resources, Out of date Technology, Difficulties in acquiring land and facilities for manufacturing and trade activities, Lack of knowledge and experiences in international business environment, and Limitation in management capability. 1: Lack of capital 2: Lack of quality human resources 3: Out of date Technology 4: Difficulties in acquiring land and facilities for manufacturing and trade activities 5: Lack of knowledge and experiences in international business environment 6: Limitation in management capability 7: Others Data from our survey shows that Lack of capital, Lack of quality human resources and Lack of knowledge and experiences in international business environment are main difficulties of SMEs. Especially, there are about 50% of SMEs considering the lack of capital is most important reason inside SMEs, which is the obstacle to the internationalization. Other reasons such as Out of date Technology, Difficulties in acquiring land and facilities for manufacturing and trade activities, Limitation in management capability are not higher but each of them also account for more than 10%. Outside difficulties of Vietnamese SMEs Outside difficulties: Highly risky and competitive environment, Unattractive profit, Disadvantages from the Vietnamese Policies, Too many barriers and restrictions to market penetration in many foreign countries. 1: Highly risky and competitive environment 2: Unattractive profit 3: Disadvantages from the Vietnamese Policies 4: Too many barriers and restrictions to market penetration in many foreign countries 5: Others In terms of outside reasons, almost SMEs (nearly 70%) consider highly risky and competitive environment is the main obstacle to internationalization. One of the special features are drawn from the survey is, in addition to concerns about the risks and fierce competition in the business environment, many SMEs consider the inadequacies of government policies in Vietnam and barriers and restrictions to market penetration in many foreign countries are the main obstacles to their internationalization: 2. Benefits The main benefits: Helping innovation technology, Business experience gaining, Improving the qualification for employees and leadership skills for the management, Spreading enterprise’s image, brand and prestige, Providing opportunities to attract and accumulate more capital. Benefits from internationalization: 1: Help with innovation of technology 2: Help with business experience again 3: Improve the qualification for employees and leadership skills for management 4: Help spread your enterprise imagine, brand and prestige 5: Provide opportunities to attract and accumulate more capital 6: Others In terms of positive effects, according to our survey, most SMEs think that five positive effects mentioned above are the main positive impact on their business. Other positive impacts account only 1.13%. Especial thing is, there are nearly 70% of SMEs believe internationalization will help them with business experience gaining. Actually, in a volatile business environment with many risks and challenges, this is a positive and optimistic signal of SMEs. Furthermore, many of them believe that internationalization helps to expand their business, brand and prestige. Moreover, as discussed in obstacles part, lack of capital is significant obstacle to internationalization, but in the chart above, we can see that they also think internationalization as a way to providing opportunities to attract and accumulate more capital (with more than 50% of SMEs believe internationalization as a way to providing opportunities to attract and accumulate more capital). Recommendations The result of this research lead to some recommendations for policy makers and SMEs managers For policy makers Create a favorable business legal environment which is equal, transparent, Continue to further economic reform and open the economy policy; Continue to simplify the regulations to create favorable conditions for business registration, market entry and operations of the firms: Enterprise Law, Land Law (Facilitate access to land and production premises for SMEs), Tax Law, Trade Law (Promote the international economic integration through bilateral, regional and multilateral channels), etc. Create favorable conditions for SME access to finance: Credit guarantee fund, SME financial fund, venture investment fund, get loan from commercial banks, etc. (Ministry of Finance, State Bank of Vietnam, Provinces and central run cities) Support SMEs to improve their competitiveness: technique innovation, intellectual property protection, training on enterprise management and for human resource, market information (Ministry of Science and Technology, Ministry of Industry and Trade, Ministry of Education and Training) For SMEs managers In internationalization process, SMEs need take initiative in preparing the necessary â€Å"baggage†, creating a basic capacity of international economic integration and ready to grasp better the opportunities and confront challenges from this process Map out a strategy to internationalize SMEs need to carefully research the market, study the strengths and weaknesses, research opportunities and challenges; clearly define the objectives, benefits and risks of internationalization; find out the main factors and conditions deciding the success of internationalization; choose the suitable methods of internationalization. Take opportunities to attract more capital and innovating technology In terms of technology, SMEs need to promote its inherent flexibility to capture and take advantage of the opportunity to catch new technology. Besides financial aid from the government, SMEs should actively seek opportunities from other resources such as financial support from the joint venture partnership; establish feasible business projects to attract capital from banks, venture capital funds; conduct joint venture with other firms as needed. Apply international standards in production and business One of the challenges or obstacles for Vietnamese SMEs when enter the world market are the technical barriers to trade. Countries have different requirements related to goods and services. When international economic integrating, Vietnam SMEs must also acquiesce by these requirements. Therefore, it is necessary to apply international standards in production and business activities actively, depending on the requirements of markets and depending on the ability of each enterprise. Emphasis on improving human resources quality SMEs should be more emphasis on improving human resources quality, focused training and recruitment of talented and knowledgeable managers about the international market, skilled workers who have ability to grasp new technology. SMEs also need stronger links with educational institution for training and retraining of human resources. Moreover, to organize production and marketing in foreign market, managers need to work with new legal system and social customs. Therefore, sending out expatriate managers and experts is also necessary because managers with inexperienced in internationalization may not have necessary knowledge to be efficient international operators.

Phil .Literature Essay

Philippine literary production during the American Period in the Philippines was spurred by two significant developments in education and culture. One is the introduction of free public instruction for all children of school age and two, the use of English as medium of instruction in all levels of education in public schools. Free public education made knowledge and information accessible to a greater number of Filipinos. Those who availed of this education through college were able to improve their social status and joined a good number of educated masses who became part of the country’s middle class. The use of English as medium of instruction introduced Filipinos to Anglo-American modes of thought, culture and life ways that would be embedded not only in the literature produced but also in the psyche of the country’s educated class. It was this educated class that would be the wellspring of a vibrant Philippine Literature in English. Philippine literature in English, as a direct result of American colonization of the country, could not escape being imitative of American models of writing especially during its period of apprenticeship. The poetry written by early poets manifested studied attempts at versification as in the following poem which is proof of the poet’s rather elementary exercise in the English language: Vacation days at last are here, And we have time for fun so dear, All boys and girls do gladly cheer, This welcomed season of the year. In early June in school we’ll meet; A harder task shall we complete And if we fail we must repeat That self same task without retreat. We simply rest to come again To school where boys and girls obtain The Creator’s gift to men Whose sanguine hopes in us remain. Vacation means a time for play For young and old in night and day My wish for all is to be gay, And evil none lead you astray- Juan F. Salazar Philippines Free Press, May 9, 1909| The poem was anthologized in the first collection of poetry in English, Filipino Poetry, edited by Rodolfo Dato (1909 – 1924). Among the poets featured in this anthology were Proceso Sebastian Maximo Kalaw, Fernando Maramag, Leopoldo Uichanco, Jose Ledesma, Vicente Callao, Santiago Sevilla, Bernardo Garcia, Francisco Africa, Pablo Anzures, Carlos P. Romulo, Francisco Tonogbanua, Juan Pastrana, Maria Agoncillo, Paz Marquez Benitez, Luis Dato and many others. Another anthology, The English German Anthology of Poetsedited by Pablo Laslo was published and covered poets published from 1924-1934 among whom were Teofilo D. Agcaoili, Aurelio Alvero, Horacio de la Costa, Amador T. Daguio, Salvador P. Lopez, Angela Manalang Gloria, Trinidad Tarrosa, Abelardo Subido and Jose Garcia Villa, among others. A third pre-war collection of poetry was edited by Carlos Bulosan, Chorus for America: Six Philippine Poets. The six poets in this collection were Jose Garcia Villa, Rafael Zulueta da Costa, Rodrigo T. Feria, C. B. Rigor, Cecilio Baroga and Carlos Bulosan. In fiction, the period of apprenticeship in literary writing in English is marked by imitation of the style of storytelling and strict adherence to the craft of the short story as practiced by popular American fictionists. Early short story writers in English were often dubbed as the Andersons or Saroyans or the Hemingways of Philippine letters. Leopoldo Yabes in his study of the Philippine short story in English from 1925 to 1955 points to these models of American fiction exerting profound influence on the early writings of story writers like Francisco Arcellana, A. E. Litiatco, Paz Latorena. . When the University of the Philippines was founded in 1908, an elite group of writers in English began to exert influence among the culturati. The U. P. Writers Club founded in 1926, had stated that one of its aims was to enhance and propagate the â€Å"language of Shakespeare. † In 1925, Paz Marquez Benitez short story, â€Å"Dead Stars† was published and was made the landmark of the maturity of the Filipino writer in English. Soon after Benitez, short story writers began publishing stories no longer imitative of American models. Thus, story writers like Icasiano Calalang, A. E. Litiatco, Arturo Rotor, Lydia Villanueva, Paz Latorena , Manuel Arguilla began publishing stories manifesting both skilled use of the language and a keen Filipino sensibility. This combination of writing in a borrowed tongue while dwelling on Filipino customs and traditions earmarked the literary output of major Filipino fictionists in English during the American period. Thus, the major novels of the period, such as the Filipino Rebel, by Maximo Kalaw, and His Native Soil by Juan C. Laya, are discourses on cultural identity, nationhood and being Filipino done in the English language. Stories such as â€Å"How My Brother Leon Brought Home a Wife† by Manuel Arguilla scanned the scenery as well as the folkways of Ilocandia while N. V. M. Gonzales’s novels and stories such as â€Å"Children of the Ash Covered Loam,† present the panorama of Mindoro, in all its customs and traditions while configuring its characters in the human dilemma of nostalgia and poverty. Apart from Arguilla and Gonzales, noted fictionists during the period included Francisco Arcellana, whom Jose Garcia Villa lauded as a â€Å"genius† storyteller, Consorcio Borje, Aida Rivera, Conrado Pedroche, Amador Daguio, Sinai Hamada, Hernando Ocampo, Fernando Maria Guerrero. Jose Garcia Villa himself wrote several short stories but devoted most of his time to poetry. In 1936, when the Philippine Writers League was organized, Filipino writers in English began discussing the value of literature in society. Initiated and led by Salvador P. Lopez, whose essays on Literature and Societyprovoked debates, the discussion centered on proletarian literature, i. e. , engaged or committed literature versus the art for art’s sake literary orientation. But this discussion curiously left out the issue of colonialism and colonial literature and the whole place of literary writing in English under a colonial set-up that was the Philippines then. With Salvador P. Lopez, the essay in English gained the upper hand in day to day discourse on politics and governance. Polemicists who used to write in Spanish like Claro M. Recto, slowly started using English in the discussion of current events even as newspaper dailies moved away from Spanish reporting into English. Among the essayists, Federico Mangahas had an easy facility with the language and the essay as genre. Other noted essayists during the period were Fernando Maramag, Carlos P. Romulo , Conrado Ramirez. On the other hand, the flowering of a vibrant literary tradition due to historical events did not altogether hamper literary production in the native or indigenous languages. In fact, the early period of the 20th century was remarkable for the significant literary output of all major languages in the various literary genre. It was during the early American period that seditious plays, using the form of the zarsuwela, were mounted. Zarsuwelistas Juan Abad, Aurelio Tolentino ,Juan Matapang Cruz. Juan Crisostomo Sotto mounted the classics like Tanikalang Ginto, Kahapon, Ngayon at Bukas and Hindi Ako Patay, all directed against the American imperialists. Patricio Mariano’s Anak ng Dagat and Severino Reyes’s Walang Sugat are equally remarkable zarsuwelas staged during the period. On the eve of World War II, Wilfredo Maria Guerrero would gain dominance in theatre through his one-act plays which he toured through his â€Å"mobile theatre†. Thus, Wanted a Chaperone and The Forsaken Housebecame very popular in campuses throughout the archipelago. The novel in Tagalog, Iloko, Hiligaynon and Sugbuanon also developed during the period aided largely by the steady publication of weekly magazines like the Liwayway, Bannawag and Bisaya which serialized the novels. Among the early Tagalog novelists of the 20th century were Ishmael Amado, Valeriano Hernandez Pena, Faustino Aguilar, Lope K. Santos and Lazaro Francisco. Ishmael Amado’s Bulalakaw ng Pag-asa published in 1909 was one of the earliest novels that dealt with the theme of American imperialism in the Philippines. The novel, however, was not released from the printing press until 1916, at which time, the author, by his own admission and after having been sent as a pensionado to the U. S. , had other ideas apart from those he wrote in the novel. Valeriano Hernandez Pena’s Nena at Neneng narrates the story of two women who happened to be best of friends as they cope with their relationships with the men in their lives. Nena succeeds in her married life while Neneng suffers from a stormy marriage because of her jealous husband. Faustino Aguilar published Pinaglahuan, a love triangle set in the early years of the century when the worker’s movement was being formed. The novel’s hero, Luis Gatbuhay, is a worker in a printery who isimprisoned for a false accusation and loses his love, Danding, to his rival Rojalde, son of a wealthy capitalist. Lope K. Santos, Banaag at Sikat has almost the same theme and motif as the hero of the novel, Delfin, also falls in love with a rich woman, daughter of a wealthy landlord. The love story of course is set also within the background of development of the worker’s trade union movement and throughout the novel, Santos engages the readers in lengthy treatises and discourses on socialism and capitalism. Many other Tagalog novelists wrote on variations of the same theme, i. e. , the interplay of fate, love and social justice. Among these writers are Inigo Ed Regalado, Roman Reyes, Fausto J. Galauran, Susana de Guzman, Rosario de Guzman-Lingat, Lazaro Francisco, Hilaria Labog, Rosalia Aguinaldo, Amado V. Hernandez. Many of these writers were able to produce three or more novels as Soledad Reyes would bear out in her book which is the result of her dissertation, Ang Nobelang Tagalog (1979). Among the Iloko writers, noted novelists were Leon Pichay, who was also the region’s poet laureate then, Hermogenes Belen, and Mena Pecson Crisologo whose Mining wenno Ayat ti Kararwa is considered to be the Iloko version of a Noli me Tangere. In the Visayas, Magdalena Jalandoni and Ramon Muzones would lead most writers in writing the novels that dwelt on the themes of love, courtship, life in the farmlands, and other social upheavals of the period. Marcel Navarra wrote stories and novels in Sugbuhanon. Poetry in all languages continued to flourish in all regions of the country during the American period. The Tagalogs, hailing Francisco F. Balagtas as the nation’s foremost poet invented the balagtasan in his honor. Thebalagtasan is a debate in verse, a poetical joust done almost spontaneously between protagonists who debate over the pros and cons of an issue. The first balagtasan was held in March 1924 at the Instituto de Mujeres, with Jose Corazon de Jesus and Florentino Collantes as rivals, bubuyog (bee) and paru-paro (butterfly) aiming for the love of kampupot (jasmine). It was during this balagtasan that Jose Corazon de Jesus, known as Huseng Batute, emerged triumphant to become the first king of the Balagtasan. Jose Corazon de Jesus was the finest master of the genre. He was later followed by balagtasistas, Emilio Mar Antonio and Crescenciano Marquez, who also became King of the Balagtasan in their own time. As Huseng Batute, de Jesus also produced the finest poems and lyrics during the period. His debates with Amado V. Hernandez on the political issue of independence from America and nationhood were mostly done in verse and are testament to the vitality of Tagalog poetry during the era. Lope K. Santos, epic poem, Ang Panggingera is also proof of how poets of the period have come to master the language to be able to translate it into effective poetry. The balagtasan would be echoed as a poetical fiesta and would be duplicated in the Ilocos as thebukanegan, in honor of Pedro Bukaneg, the supposed transcriber of the epic, Biag ni Lam-ang; and theCrissottan, in Pampanga, in honor of the esteemed poet of the Pampango, Juan Crisostomo Sotto. In 1932, Alejandro G. Abadilla , armed with new criticism and an orientation on  modernist poetry would taunt traditional Tagalog poetics with the publication of his poem, â€Å"Ako ang Daigdig. â€Å" Abadilla’s poetry began the era of modernism in Tagalog poetry, a departure from the traditional rhymed, measured and orally recited poems. Modernist poetry which utilized free or blank verses was intended more for silent reading than oral delivery. Noted poets in Tagalog during the American period were Julian Cruz Balmaceda, Florentino Collantes, Pedro Gatmaitan, Jose Corazon de Jesus, Benigno Ramos, Inigo Ed. Regalado, Ildefonso Santos, Lope K.  Santos, Aniceto Silvestre, Emilio Mar. Antonio, Alejandro Abadilla and Teodoro Agoncillo. Like the writers in English who formed themselves into organizations, Tagalog writers also formed the Ilaw at Panitik, and held discussions and workshops on the value of literature in society. Benigno Ramos, was one of the most politicized poets of the period as he aligned himself with the peasants of the Sakdal Movement. Fiction in Tagalog as well as in the other languages of the regions developed alongside the novel. Most fictionists are also novelists. Brigido Batungbakal , Macario Pineda and other writers chose to dwell on the vicissitudes of life in a changing rural landscape. Deogracias Del Rosario on the other hand, chose the city and the emerging social elite as subjects of his stories. He is considered the father of the modern short story in Tagalog Among the more popular fictionists who emerged during the period are two women writers, Liwayway Arceo and Genoveva Edroza Matute, considered forerunners in the use of â€Å"light† fiction, a kind of story telling that uses language through poignant rendition. Genoveva Edroza Matute’s â€Å"Ako’y Isang Tinig† and Liwayway Arceo’s â€Å"Uhaw ang Tigang na Lupa† have been used as models of fine writing in Filipino by teachers of composition throughout the school system. Teodoro Agoncillo’s anthology 25 Pinakamahusay na Maiikling Kuwento (1945) included the foremost writers of fiction in the pre-war era. The separate, yet parallel developments of Philippine literature in English and those in Tagalog and other languages of the archipelago during the American period only prove that literature and writing in whatever language and in whatever climate are able to survive mainly through the active imagination of writers. Apparently, what was lacking during the period was for the writers in the various languages to come together, share experiences and come to a conclusion on the elements that constitute good writing in the Philippines.